Press ESC to cancel. Useful tips. Esther Fleming July 23, Table of Contents. Meanwhile, the ecclesiastical authorities strongly condemned the insurgents, especially their most visible ringleader, whom they accused of trickster, heretic and enemy of private property, charges for which he was excommunicated. In fact, Hidalgo had stated by then that the lands should be returned to the Indians, thereby earning their adhesion, but what he had not yet defended and the attitude of the bishops only accelerated his decision was the need to achieve total independence of the country.
To establish such an objective was the prophetic response received by his enemies, and when two months later a provisional government was formed in Guadalajara, his challenge would reach the point of decreeing that the land should be given to the natives, as well as the exclusive enjoyment of the communal lands.
On the other hand, the Creole aristocracy, fearful of losing the privileges granted by the latifundista regime, would not willingly accept that the provisional government abolished slavery and the taxes that were levied on Indians and mestizos, nor the subsequent decree that it threatened the confiscation of the property of the Europeans, so that it joined the forces of the viceroy and the ecclesiastical hierarchies.
But such loss of support would not be reflected, for the time being, in the battlefields, in which Hidalgo continued to reap victories until, perhaps because of an excess of ethical greatness, he committed a fatal strategic error. The 17 of October of Hidalgo took Valladolid with seven thousand men of cavalry and two hundred and forty infantrymen, all of them badly armed, and the 25 of October occupied Toluca.
The 30 October XNUMX was held at the Cross of the Crosses: Trujillo's troops were defeated and, after the bloody battle, the royalist army fled to the Mexican capital, possibly to await the final assault.
The viceregal government was convinced that with the death of the caudillos, shot in Chihuahua, the insurgent movement would end, but it was not so. With the execution of Morelos in , the rebellion seemed definitively crushed, but the ideology of the priest of Dolores had penetrated in broad layers of Mexican society, and the process started had no turning back.
After the establishment in of the Mexican Republic, Miguel Hidalgo was recognized as father of the country. The state of Hidalgo is named after him and the city of Dolores was renamed Dolores Hidalgo in his honor.
The September 16, the day he proclaimed the uprising, is celebrated in Mexico on Independence Day. Hidalgo was born in Mexico to Spanish parents. Although of Spanish blood, his class was subordinate to those Spanish actually born in Spain. Miguel Hidalgo studied with the Jesuits and later in Mexico City where he learned Latin but also various indigenous languages.
Hidalgo became an ordained priest in His espousal of Enlightened ideas imported from Europe eventually led to his removal from this college and transfer to the Dolores parish. He had to appear before the Inquisition for his beliefs but they did not find him guilty. While in Dolores, Hidalgo dedicated himself to employing the local population in various forms of industry that would elevate their economic status. He taught the poor how to keep bees and grow grapes.
He also founded brick-making and pottery factories to employ the indigenous people. These pursuits were in opposition to the Spanish government, however, and Hidalgo faced arrest as time went on.
When drought hit Dolores and injustice became deplorable, Hidalgo called his now-legendary mass on September 16, , which would become known as the Grito de Dolores.
During this mass, Hidalgo called for liberty from bad government and called for people to leave their home to march with him for independence from Spain. Though largely an undisciplined rebel group with no military training, this army enjoyed early victories simply due to its size.
Ben Davis April 17, Why was Miguel Hidalgo considered a revolutionary hero? Who helped Mexico gain independence? Which of the following did the Mexican revolutionary Father Miguel Hidalgo do select all that apply? Why did Mexico revolt against Spain?
When did Spain lose Mexico? Why did Spain want Mexico? Who colonized Mexico first? How long did Spain occupy Mexico?
How long did Spain colonize Mexico? Did Mexico colonize the Philippines? Why was Spanish colonization not successful? Do Aztecs still exist today? Do Mayans and Aztecs still exist?
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