National Women's History Museum, Date accessed. Chicago- Norwood, Arlisha. Dorothea Dix By Arlisha R. Works Cited. Brown, Thomas J. Dorothea Dix: New England Reformer. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, Gollaher D. Voice for the Mad. How to Cite this page. Related Biographies.
Women Who Shaped History. New York: Crowell-Collier Press, Central Washington University. Gollaher, David. New York: The Free Press, Herstek, Amy Paulson. Dorothea Dix: Crusader for the Mentally Ill. New Jersey: Enslow Publishers, Lightner, David. Norman, Gertrude. Dorothea Lynde Dix. New York: Van Rees Press, Schlaifer, Charles, and Lucy Freeman.
New York: Paragon House, ASIN: Spartacus Educational. Samuel Gridley Howe. Available from www. Street, W. Wilson, Dorothy Clarke. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, Dorothea Dix. Grade Level:. A social reformer dedicated to changing conditions for people who could not help themselves, Dorothea Dix was a champion for the mentally ill and the imprisoned.
Importance Dorothea Dix was the pioneering force in the movement to reform the treatment of the mentally ill in America. Ties to the Philanthropic Sector In addition to being a social reformer, Dorothea Dix can also be called a philanthropist for the mentally ill.
Key Related Ideas Dix exhibited, at an early age, a commitment to poor children having access to an education through her founding of a formal school. Stanton stated, "[Anthony] supplied the facts and statistics, I the philosophy and rhetoric, and, together, we have made arguments that have stood unshaken through the storms of long years" Kowalski Samuel Gridley Howe was an abolitionist, educator and reformer.
He established a school for the blind in Boston and "strenuously lobbied Congress to pass legislation to provide more aid for the education of the blind, deaf and mentally ill " Spartacus Educational William Ellery Channing was an Unitarian reverend instrumental in introducing Dix to the Rathbones, a life-altering experience for her.
William Tuke 's York Retreat was one of the first mental institutions to provide outdoor tasks, good nutrition, and humane treatment instead of the use of mechanical restraints and confinement for mentally ill persons Street Bibliography Brown, Thomas. Rathbone Papers. Related Resources. Dorothy Day. This became a pivotal moment in her life and career; after witnessing the terrible living conditions of inmates and the mentally ill, she devoted herself to a life of advocacy and reform.
She delivered her findings in a notorious sermon to the Massachusetts legislature, which immediately resulted in the enlargement of the Worcester Asylum. Dix continued campaigning for improved conditions for the mentally ill, influencing legislation in 15 states and Canada, and establishing 32 state hospitals, which ultimately created over new institutions.
Dix emphasized improvement for the mentally ill through clean, spacious atmospheres, daily routines, meaningful employment, intellectual stimulation, religious instruction, and personal identity. This same system was later applied to inmates, as she pushed for penal reform in with the support of Charles Sumner.
She spent the following years abroad, where she continued to survey and reform throughout Europe. She contracted malaria in and was forced to abandon aggressive traveling, although she continued to write, lobbying for her causes.
She took up residence at the hospital she had founded 40 years earlier in Trenton, New Jersey, and died there on July 17, Though Dix had many admirers over her lifetime, and was briefly engaged to her second cousin, Edward Bangs, she never married. We strive for accuracy and fairness. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives.
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